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🇲🇬 Madagascar

Overview

ISO 3166-1 alpha-3MDG
ISO 3166-1 alpha-2MG
UN M49 numeric450
IOC codeMAD
Official nameRepublic of Madagascar
Native name(s)fra: official: République de Madagascar; common: Madagascar; mlg: official: Repoblikan'i Madagasikara; common: Madagasikara
Alt spellingsMG, Republic of Madagascar, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, République de Madagascar
Statusofficially-assigned
IndependentYes
UN memberYes

Geography

RegionAfrica
SubregionEastern Africa
UN regional groupAfrican Group
CapitalAntananarivo
Area (km²)587,041
Lat / Lng-20.0000, 47.0000
LandlockedNo
Borders (ISO3)
Top-level domain.mg
Calling coderoot: +2; suffixes: 61

Demographics

Population (World Bank)32,740,678 (2025)
Life expectancy (years, World Bank)63.835 (2024)
Languagesfra: French; mlg: Malagasy
Demonymseng: f: Malagasy; m: Malagasy; fra: f: Malgache; m: Malgache
Population time-series (UN WPP)74

Economy

GDP (current USD)19,620,352,035.79 (2025)
GDP per capita (current USD)599.265 (2025)
Unemployment rate (%)3.041 (2025)
CurrenciesMGA: name: Malagasy ariary; symbol: Ar

Population by year (UN WPP)

74 yearly data points — click to expand
YearPopulation
19503,956,073
19514,057,200
19524,160,835
19534,267,535
19544,377,319
19554,490,113
19564,606,422
19574,726,636
19584,850,846
19594,979,094
19605,111,029
19615,246,158
19625,384,150
19635,525,185
19645,669,863
19655,819,116
19665,974,279
19676,136,486
19686,306,493
19696,484,716
19706,672,003
19716,868,868
19727,074,398
19737,288,048
19747,509,726
19757,739,336
19767,976,831
19778,222,240
19788,475,864
19798,737,581
19809,006,032
19819,279,011
19829,557,671
19839,843,044
198410,134,550
198510,433,142
198610,736,857
198711,047,291
198811,369,462
198911,704,998
199012,055,639
199112,421,412
199212,800,870
199313,197,345
199413,613,850
199514,051,275
199614,510,711
199714,990,814
199815,489,364
199916,000,506
200016,516,338
200117,032,939
200217,549,913
200318,071,854
200418,606,608
200519,159,707
200619,730,909
200720,318,583
200820,923,840
200921,547,280
201022,183,340
201122,822,300
201223,462,438
201324,109,290
201424,764,348
201525,426,702
201626,099,952
201726,788,375
201827,494,926
201928,219,554
202028,953,556
202129,691,083
202230,437,261
202331,195,932

Full raw record (JSON)

JSON
{
  "iso3": "MDG",
  "iso2": "MG",
  "ccn3": "450",
  "cioc": "MAD",
  "name": {
    "common": "Madagascar",
    "official": "Republic of Madagascar",
    "native": {
      "fra": {
        "official": "République de Madagascar",
        "common": "Madagascar"
      },
      "mlg": {
        "official": "Repoblikan'i Madagasikara",
        "common": "Madagasikara"
      }
    }
  },
  "alt_spellings": [
    "MG",
    "Republic of Madagascar",
    "Repoblikan'i Madagasikara",
    "République de Madagascar"
  ],
  "translations": {
    "ara": {
      "official": "جمهورية مدغشقر",
      "common": "مدغشقر"
    },
    "bre": {
      "official": "Republik Madagaskar",
      "common": "Madagaskar"
    },
    "ces": {
      "official": "Madagaskarská republika",
      "common": "Madagaskar"
    },
    "deu": {
      "official": "Republik Madagaskar",
      "common": "Madagaskar"
    },
    "est": {
      "official": "Madagaskari Vabariik",
      "common": "Madagaskar"
    },
    "fin": {
      "official": "Madagaskarin tasavalta",
      "common": "Madagaskar"
    },
    "fra": {
      "official": "République de Madagascar",
      "common": "Madagascar"
    },
    "hrv": {
      "official": "Republika Madagaskar",
      "common": "Madagaskar"
    },
    "hun": {
      "official": "Madagaszkári Köztársaság",
      "common": "Madagaszkár"
    },
    "ita": {
      "official": "Repubblica del Madagascar",
      "common": "Madagascar"
    },
    "jpn": {
      "official": "マダガスカル共和国",
      "common": "マダガスカル"
    },
    "kor": {
      "official": "마다가스카르 공화국",
      "common": "마다가스카르"
    },
    "nld": {
      "official": "Republiek Madagaskar",
      "common": "Madagaskar"
    },
    "per": {
      "official": "جمهوری ماداگاسکار",
      "common": "ماداگاسکار"
    },
    "pol": {
      "official": "Republika Madagaskaru",
      "common": "Madagaskar"
    },
    "por": {
      "official": "República de Madagáscar",
      "common": "Madagáscar"
    },
    "rus": {
      "official": "Республика Мадагаскар",
      "common": "Мадагаскар"
    },
    "slk": {
      "official": "Madagaskarská republika",
      "common": "Madagaskar"
    },
    "spa": {
      "official": "República de Madagascar",
      "common": "Madagascar"
    },
    "srp": {
      "official": "Republika Madagaskar",
      "common": "Madagaskar"
    },
    "swe": {
      "official": "Republiken Madagaskar",
      "common": "Madagaskar"
    },
    "tur": {
      "official": "Madagaskar Cumhuriyeti",
      "common": "Madagaskar"
    },
    "urd": {
      "official": "جمہوریہ مڈغاسکر",
      "common": "مڈغاسکر"
    },
    "zho": {
      "official": "马达加斯加共和国",
      "common": "马达加斯加"
    }
  },
  "capital": [
    "Antananarivo"
  ],
  "region": "Africa",
  "subregion": "Eastern Africa",
  "un_regional_group": "African Group",
  "currencies": {
    "MGA": {
      "name": "Malagasy ariary",
      "symbol": "Ar"
    }
  },
  "languages": {
    "fra": "French",
    "mlg": "Malagasy"
  },
  "idd": {
    "root": "+2",
    "suffixes": [
      "61"
    ]
  },
  "tld": [
    ".mg"
  ],
  "area_sq_km": 587041,
  "latlng": [
    -20,
    47
  ],
  "landlocked": false,
  "borders": [],
  "independent": true,
  "un_member": true,
  "status": "officially-assigned",
  "flag_emoji": "🇲🇬",
  "flag_png_url": "https://flagcdn.com/w320/mg.png",
  "demonyms": {
    "eng": {
      "f": "Malagasy",
      "m": "Malagasy"
    },
    "fra": {
      "f": "Malgache",
      "m": "Malgache"
    }
  },
  "world_bank": {
    "population_total": {
      "value": 32740678,
      "year": 2025
    },
    "gdp_usd": {
      "value": 19620352035.7899,
      "year": 2025
    },
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": {
      "value": 599.265294255357,
      "year": 2025
    },
    "unemployment_rate_pct": {
      "value": 3.041,
      "year": 2025
    },
    "life_expectancy_years": {
      "value": 63.835,
      "year": 2024
    }
  },
  "population_timeseries": [
    {
      "year": 1950,
      "population": 3956073
    },
    {
      "year": 1951,
      "population": 4057200
    },
    {
      "year": 1952,
      "population": 4160835
    },
    {
      "year": 1953,
      "population": 4267535
    },
    {
      "year": 1954,
      "population": 4377319
    },
    {
      "year": 1955,
      "population": 4490113
    },
    {
      "year": 1956,
      "population": 4606422
    },
    {
      "year": 1957,
      "population": 4726636
    },
    {
      "year": 1958,
      "population": 4850846
    },
    {
      "year": 1959,
      "population": 4979094
    },
    {
      "year": 1960,
      "population": 5111029
    },
    {
      "year": 1961,
      "population": 5246158
    },
    {
      "year": 1962,
      "population": 5384150
    },
    {
      "year": 1963,
      "population": 5525185
    },
    {
      "year": 1964,
      "population": 5669863
    },
    {
      "year": 1965,
      "population": 5819116
    },
    {
      "year": 1966,
      "population": 5974279
    },
    {
      "year": 1967,
      "population": 6136486
    },
    {
      "year": 1968,
      "population": 6306493
    },
    {
      "year": 1969,
      "population": 6484716
    },
    {
      "year": 1970,
      "population": 6672003
    },
    {
      "year": 1971,
      "population": 6868868
    },
    {
      "year": 1972,
      "population": 7074398
    },
    {
      "year": 1973,
      "population": 7288048
    },
    {
      "year": 1974,
      "population": 7509726
    },
    {
      "year": 1975,
      "population": 7739336
    },
    {
      "year": 1976,
      "population": 7976831
    },
    {
      "year": 1977,
      "population": 8222240
    },
    {
      "year": 1978,
      "population": 8475864
    },
    {
      "year": 1979,
      "population": 8737581
    },
    {
      "year": 1980,
      "population": 9006032
    },
    {
      "year": 1981,
      "population": 9279011
    },
    {
      "year": 1982,
      "population": 9557671
    },
    {
      "year": 1983,
      "population": 9843044
    },
    {
      "year": 1984,
      "population": 10134550
    },
    {
      "year": 1985,
      "population": 10433142
    },
    {
      "year": 1986,
      "population": 10736857
    },
    {
      "year": 1987,
      "population": 11047291
    },
    {
      "year": 1988,
      "population": 11369462
    },
    {
      "year": 1989,
      "population": 11704998
    },
    {
      "year": 1990,
      "population": 12055639
    },
    {
      "year": 1991,
      "population": 12421412
    },
    {
      "year": 1992,
      "population": 12800870
    },
    {
      "year": 1993,
      "population": 13197345
    },
    {
      "year": 1994,
      "population": 13613850
    },
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "population": 14051275
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "population": 14510711
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "population": 14990814
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "population": 15489364
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "population": 16000506
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "population": 16516338
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "population": 17032939
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "population": 17549913
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "population": 18071854
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "population": 18606608
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "population": 19159707
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "population": 19730909
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "population": 20318583
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "population": 20923840
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "population": 21547280
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "population": 22183340
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "population": 22822300
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "population": 23462438
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "population": 24109290
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "population": 24764348
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "population": 25426702
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "population": 26099952
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "population": 26788375
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "population": 27494926
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "population": 28219554
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "population": 28953556
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "population": 29691083
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "population": 30437261
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "population": 31195932
    }
  ],
  "reference_raw": {
    "cca3": "MDG",
    "name": {
      "common": "Madagascar",
      "official": "Republic of Madagascar",
      "native": {
        "fra": {
          "official": "République de Madagascar",
          "common": "Madagascar"
        },
        "mlg": {
          "official": "Repoblikan'i Madagasikara",
          "common": "Madagasikara"
        }
      }
    },
    "tld": [
      ".mg"
    ],
    "cca2": "MG",
    "ccn3": "450",
    "cioc": "MAD",
    "independent": true,
    "status": "officially-assigned",
    "unMember": true,
    "unRegionalGroup": "African Group",
    "currencies": {
      "MGA": {
        "name": "Malagasy ariary",
        "symbol": "Ar"
      }
    },
    "idd": {
      "root": "+2",
      "suffixes": [
        "61"
      ]
    },
    "capital": [
      "Antananarivo"
    ],
    "altSpellings": [
      "MG",
      "Republic of Madagascar",
      "Repoblikan'i Madagasikara",
      "République de Madagascar"
    ],
    "region": "Africa",
    "subregion": "Eastern Africa",
    "languages": {
      "fra": "French",
      "mlg": "Malagasy"
    },
    "translations": {
      "ara": {
        "official": "جمهورية مدغشقر",
        "common": "مدغشقر"
      },
      "bre": {
        "official": "Republik Madagaskar",
        "common": "Madagaskar"
      },
      "ces": {
        "official": "Madagaskarská republika",
        "common": "Madagaskar"
      },
      "deu": {
        "official": "Republik Madagaskar",
        "common": "Madagaskar"
      },
      "est": {
        "official": "Madagaskari Vabariik",
        "common": "Madagaskar"
      },
      "fin": {
        "official": "Madagaskarin tasavalta",
        "common": "Madagaskar"
      },
      "fra": {
        "official": "République de Madagascar",
        "common": "Madagascar"
      },
      "hrv": {
        "official": "Republika Madagaskar",
        "common": "Madagaskar"
      },
      "hun": {
        "official": "Madagaszkári Köztársaság",
        "common": "Madagaszkár"
      },
      "ita": {
        "official": "Repubblica del Madagascar",
        "common": "Madagascar"
      },
      "jpn": {
        "official": "マダガスカル共和国",
        "common": "マダガスカル"
      },
      "kor": {
        "official": "마다가스카르 공화국",
        "common": "마다가스카르"
      },
      "nld": {
        "official": "Republiek Madagaskar",
        "common": "Madagaskar"
      },
      "per": {
        "official": "جمهوری ماداگاسکار",
        "common": "ماداگاسکار"
      },
      "pol": {
        "official": "Republika Madagaskaru",
        "common": "Madagaskar"
      },
      "por": {
        "official": "República de Madagáscar",
        "common": "Madagáscar"
      },
      "rus": {
        "official": "Республика Мадагаскар",
        "common": "Мадагаскар"
      },
      "slk": {
        "official": "Madagaskarská republika",
        "common": "Madagaskar"
      },
      "spa": {
        "official": "República de Madagascar",
        "common": "Madagascar"
      },
      "srp": {
        "official": "Republika Madagaskar",
        "common": "Madagaskar"
      },
      "swe": {
        "official": "Republiken Madagaskar",
        "common": "Madagaskar"
      },
      "tur": {
        "official": "Madagaskar Cumhuriyeti",
        "common": "Madagaskar"
      },
      "urd": {
        "official": "جمہوریہ مڈغاسکر",
        "common": "مڈغاسکر"
      },
      "zho": {
        "official": "马达加斯加共和国",
        "common": "马达加斯加"
      }
    },
    "latlng": [
      -20,
      47
    ],
    "landlocked": false,
    "borders": [],
    "area": 587041,
    "flag": "🇲🇬",
    "demonyms": {
      "eng": {
        "f": "Malagasy",
        "m": "Malagasy"
      },
      "fra": {
        "f": "Malgache",
        "m": "Malgache"
      }
    }
  }
}